Abstract: This paper is concerned with high energy dual-energy X-ray imaging and identification and detection of objects, introduces the background of dual-energy X-ray DR imaging technology from single energy, low energy dual-energy to high energy dual-energy and elaborates the principle, technical characteristics and improved methods of high energy dual-energy X-ray imaging material recognition. The nature of material recognition feasibility of this technology is mainly discussed. It also introduces the latest advances and challenges facing the field.