Abstract: Objective: To analyze the X-ray barium meal and CT scan in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer imaging features,as well as the advantages and disadvantages and the diagnostic value of esophageal cancer,to raise imaging technology to improve the diagnosis of disease.Methods: Retrospective analysis of imaging data of 56 cases confirmed by surgery or pathology of the esophagus,all cases were carried out X-ray barium meal and CT examination,imaging data integrity.Results: a) The distribution: 56 cases,eight cases in cervical esophagus,10 cases in the upper chest,23 cases in chest paragraph,15 cases in thoracic segment.b) X-ray barium meal Signs: Early performance showed mucosal thickening,disorders,weakened peristalsis,as well as a small filling defect and small Shadow(13 cases);in mi8ddle and late period shows mucosal destruction,luminal stenosis,wall stiffness,as well as larger filling defect and malignant Shadow(43 cases).c) CT signs: Direct signs for irregular wall thickening(56 cases),intracavitary mass(36 cases),luminal stenosis(51 cases) or occlusion(3 cases),the upper expansion of the narrow(43 cases);indirect signs showed the tumor is close and transfer to the structure of the violations,as well as signs of complications.showed violations of fat lines around the esophagus(43 cases),tracheal bronchial violations(16 cases),aortic violations(22 cases,of which three cases were suspicious),pericardial violations(7 cases),lymph node metastasis(8 cases),complicated by lung abscess(1 case).d) Compare with operation pathonology diagnosed: X-ray barium meal correct diagnosed rate was 83.8%,CT scan correct diagnosed rate was 95.3% both combined diagnosed correct rate was 100%.e) CT staging: Ⅱ period were 13 cases,Ⅲ period were 36 cases,Ⅳ period were 7 cases.Conclusion: X-ray barium meal and CT scan each with their advantages and disadvantages.X-ray barium meal can observe the change in the function of esophagus,mucosal lesion and length showed precision,CT scan showed advantages in the tumor location,size,scope and invaded the surrounding tissues and lymph node metastasis.The combined use in favor of a comprehensive observation of the scope and extent of the lesion of esophageal cancer,to improved the diagnostic accuracy of imaging,there were active role inguide clinical stage and to determine program of treatment and surgery and prognosis.