Abstract: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology is a new one in the world at present. In this paper,the application situation of NMR technology, specially the theoretical basis for application of NMR technology in environment quality control and working principle of the technology are discussed. Application results of NMR technology in controlling underground water contamination by hydrocarbon and air pollution are given by concrete examples. The areas where the NMR technology can be used in the future are pointed out, and some suggestions about further theoretical study and the developing of new instrument to provide a new technical means for improving quality of environment control, and decreasing inspecting price are proposed.