Abstract: Objective: To discuss CT characteristic and clinical manifestation of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods: Combined with CT manifestation, the clinical materials of 85 HIE patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results: According to the clinical diagnosis criterion of HIE, the patients in this sequence were divided into three groups, mild group (26 cases), moderate group (38 cases), severe group (21 cases). At CT imaging, there was low density area of brain in 85 cases, CT value was from 6 to 18Hu, combined with high density hemorrhage of 52 cases, which CT value was about 58 to 85Hu. According to the CT diagnosis criterion of HIE, in three groups (mild, moderate and severe group) were 26, 38, and 21 cases, respectively. Out of all cases, 48 cases were performed fellow-up CT examination in latter, 19 cases of hydrocephalus in mild group became normal in 11 days, 12 cases of the hydrocephalus in moderate group were lightened and disappeared, and subarachnoid hemorrhage were absorbed. A little subdural effusion was appeared in one case. In severe group, out of 17 cases, there was 6 cases of encephalomalacia, 3 cases of brain atrophy and subdural effusion, 2 cases of waterhead, 2 cases of calcification, 1 case of porencephalic cyst, 4 cases dead. Conclusions: Cranial CT could show the brain lesions of neonatal HIE, according to CT manifestation of HIE, it was consistent with clinical criterion. Re-CT examination could show the change of this cranial disease. Combined with clinical manifestation, the examination of cranial CT has important value for diagnose and intervene, and decrease the sequela of this disease.