Abstract: Myocardial fibrosis is a common pathological endpoint of various cardiovascular diseases, encompassing both focal and diffuse subtypes. Although endomyocardial biopsy remains the gold standard for assessing myocardial fibrosis, its invasive nature carries inherent procedural risks. Consequently, the quantitative imaging-based evaluation of the extracellular volume fraction has emerged as a noninvasive alternative to biopsy for myocardial fibrosis assessment. This review has focused on the recent advancements in dual-energy computed tomography-derived extracellular volume fraction quantification for evaluating myocardial fibrosis.