Abstract: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal malignancies affecting the female reproductive system. Owing to its atypical early symptoms and diagnostic difficulties, it is associated with a poor clinical prognosis. Unraveling the molecular heterogeneity of OC is crucial for achieving a precise diagnosis and treatment; however, traditional molecular biology techniques, such as tissue biopsy sequencing and immunohistochemistry, require invasive biopsies to obtain tissue samples. In recent years, radiogenomics, a non-invasive technology that integrates medical imaging and genomic data, has shown great potential for revealing the molecular characteristics of tumors, along with advantages, including good reproducibility and the ability to dynamically monitor. Nevertheless, most existing reviews focus on solid tumors, such as liver and rectal cancers, and there are still no systematic summaries specifically targeting OC. In this systematic review, the research progress of radiogenomics in OC is discussed, with a focus on exploring its applications in the prediction of gene mutations, analysis of molecular heterogeneity, assessment of the immune microenvironment, evaluation of prognosis, and prediction of the treatment response, with the aim of providing references and insights for related studies.