ISSN 1004-4140
    CN 11-3017/P

    倾角域稳相黏弹性叠前时间偏移——以鄂尔多斯盆地甘泉区块地震资料为例

    Deabsorption Prestack Time Migration Combining Stationary-phase Method in Dip-angle Domain:A Case Study of Seismic Data from the Ganquan Block in the Ordos Basin

    • 摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地甘泉黄土塬区块岩溶储层具有良好的油气勘探前景,但由于厚黄土层和岩溶储层的影响,传统方法地震资料成像品质较低。本文提出一种倾角域稳相黏弹性叠前时间偏移方法,用于提升甘泉黄土塬区块成像品质。该方法通过引入等效Q值概念,补偿地层吸收所致的波场能量衰减及子波频散问题,显著提升地震剖面成像分辨率。然而,高频能量补偿时偏移噪声会被同步增强。倾角域稳相偏移方法依托倾角道集开展菲涅耳带估算,达成倾角域最优菲涅耳带叠加成像,能够抑制偏移噪声,进而大幅提升偏移剖面信噪比。本方法融合倾角域稳相偏移(提升信噪比)与黏弹性叠前时间偏移(增强分辨率)的双重优势,应用于甘泉黄土塬区块后,成像剖面信噪比和分辨率均明显改善,岩溶储层内典型“串珠”状构造特征也得以清晰成像。

       

      Abstract: The Ganquan Loess Plateau Block in the Ordos Basin exhibits promising hydrocarbon exploration potential in its karst reservoirs. However, the seismic imaging quality obtained using conventional methods remains suboptimal due to challenges posed by thick loess layers and complex karst reservoir structures. This paper proposes a dip-angle domain stationary-phase deabsorption prestack time migration method to enhance imaging quality in this area. By incorporating the effective Q concept, the method compensates for seismic wave energy attenuation and wavelet dispersion caused by medium absorption, significantly improving imaging resolution. Nevertheless, high-frequency energy compensation inevitably amplifies migration noise. The dip-angle domain stationary-phase migration estimates the Fresnel zone based on dip-angle gathers, achieving optimal Fresnel zone stacking imaging in the dip-angle domain, which effectively suppresses migration noise and substantially enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the imaging section. The proposed method integrates the dual advantages of dip-angle domain stationary-phase migration (improving SNR) and viscoelastic prestack time migration (enhancing resolution). After applying this method to the Ganquan Loess Plateau Block, both the SNR and resolution of imaging profiles were markedly improved, with the typical "beaded" structures in karst reservoirs clearly imaged.

       

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