Abstract: Advances in computed tomography (CT) have accelerated scanning speeds and improved the spatial resolution of images. These improvements allow clearer visualization of whole-body fine bone structures, gradually enhancing the understanding of diseases and strengthening confidence in CT-based diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation. This review summarizes the clinical applications and research progress of conventional multi-slice spiral CT, cone-beam CT, photon-counting detector CT, and micro-CT in assessing bone quality.