ISSN 1004-4140
CN 11-3017/P

新型冠状病毒感染重症患者合并其他病原菌感染的胸部CT表现

Chest Computed Tomography Findings of Patients with Severe COVID-19 Complicated with Other Pathogens

  • 摘要: 目的:探讨新冠病毒感染重症患者合并其他病原菌感染的特征性胸部CT表现。方法:回顾性分析重型及危重型新冠病毒感染患者合并其他病原菌感染的胸部CT资料及不同预后。结果:收集纳入研究对象27例,病原学检查显示:13例患者分离出细菌,2例患者为真菌,其余12例同时分离出细菌和真菌。27例患者的胸部CT表现均为双肺多发病变;除6例表现为单纯典型新冠病毒感染的胸部CT特点以外,其余21例患者表现为散在或弥漫性分布的磨玻璃影、混合密度影、以肺段或肺叶分布的片状及斑片状实变影,部分可见散在结节影或小叶中心结节,磨玻璃影内可见小叶间隔增厚呈“铺路石征”和“血管增粗征”,实变影内可见空气支气管气像,多伴有胸腔积液,少数病例可见肺气囊,散在病例可见淋巴结轻度肿大。根据不同预后分为存活6例,死亡21例,死亡患者的肺部磨玻璃影、磨玻璃影伴实变影比例高于生存患者,其余影像学征象无明显统计学差。结论:重症新冠肺炎继发感染主要包括细菌和真菌感染,多为混合感染,胸部CT主要表现为无特定部位分布的磨玻璃及混合密度影、实变影、结节影,多伴有胸腔积液,少部分可见肺气囊、胸部淋巴结轻度肿大,仍可见铺路石征及血管增粗征,呈现出新冠病毒、细菌及真菌感染的混合性、多样性影像学特点。

     

    Abstract: Objective: To describe the characteristics of chest computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with severe COVID-19 complicated with other pathogens. Method: Chest CT data and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 complicated with other pathogens were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Twenty-seven patients were included in the study. Etiological examination showed that bacteria were isolated in 13 patients, fungi in 2 patients, and bacteria and fungi in the remaining 12 patients. Multiple lung lesions were found in the chest CT images of all 27 patients. Excluding the chest CT images of 6 patients with typical novel coronavirus pneumonia features, the remaining 21 cases mostly showed scattered or diffuse ground-glass, mixed density, patchy, and patchy-solid shadows distributed in the lung segments or lobes. Some of them were scattered in nodules or central lobular nodules, with the thickened interlobular septum showing "paving stone sign" and "vascular thickening sign" in the ground glass shadow, and air bronchial air images were visible in the solid shadows. Pleural effusion was found in most cases, with pulmonary air sacs in few cases, and mild lymph node enlargement in scattered cases. According to the outcomes, the patients were grouped into 6 patients who survived and 21 patients who died. The proportion of ground glass shadow and ground glass with solid shadow in the lung of the patients who died was higher than that of the patients who survived, and the other imaging findings were not statistically different. Conclusion: Secondary infections in patients with severe COVID-19 were mainly bacterial and fungal infections, with most infections were mixed pathogens. Chest CT images mainly showed ground glass, mixed density shadow, consolidation shadow, and nodular shadow without specific location distribution, and most cases were accompanied with pleural effusion, a few with lung sacs, and scattered cases with mild enlargement of chest lymph nodes, pavement stone sign, and vascular thickening sign. It showed the diverse imaging features of COVID-19 cases complicated with bacterial and fungal infections.

     

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