ISSN 1004-4140
CN 11-3017/P

背景噪声和密集台阵成像技术在哈尔乌素露天煤矿采空区的应用

Application of Ambient Noise and Dense Seismic Array Imaging Techniques in Goaf Detection Beneath Coal Mines at Haerwusu

  • 摘要: 未知煤矿采空区是煤矿安全生产的巨大隐患,探测煤矿采空区的位置和形态对于保障煤矿安全生产具有重要意义,因此煤矿采空区探测是煤矿安全生产的关键内容之一。目前采空区探测方法较多,但存在成本高、周期长、效率低等问题。近些年来随着密集台阵观测技术的快速发展,背景噪声成像分析在浅层结构探测方面也得到了广泛应用。本文采用基于节点地震仪密集台阵观测和背景噪声成像技术,在内蒙古哈尔乌素露天煤矿区附近布设的145个台站,台间距为16 m,开展为期10 d的连续观测,利用背景噪声成像技术对煤矿采空区进行成像分析。结果表明:①通过背景噪声、ESPAC等方法获得探测区的橫波速度结构,背景噪声探测方法可以较好地圈划出测区内的横波低速异常体;②根据横波低速区域分布特征获得采空区潜在位置,与钻孔验证揭示的采空区位置吻合较好,验证该方法勾画采空区的良好效果。相关成果显示,利用地表密集地震台阵观测开展背景噪声成像并结合ESPAC方法进行数据处理是进行露天矿采空区探测的一种经济、有效的手段,具有广泛的应用前景。

     

    Abstract: The unknown goaf in coal mines poses a potential danger to coal mine safety production. Hence, detecting its location and shape is very important to ensure coal mine safety production. Although numerous methods are currently available for detecting goafs, they are expensive, inefficient, and have a long cycle. In recent years, with the rapid development of dense array observation technology, the ambient noise imaging technique has been widely used in near surface structure detection. In this study, we used the dense array observation based on the nodal seismometers and ambient noise imaging technology for goaf detection in the Haerwusu open-pit coal mine. We deployed 145 stations with 16 m spacing for 10 consecutive days. Our results show that: (1) The VS anomalies were well constrained using the ambient noise imaging and ESPAC methods. (2) Potential locations of the goaf were detected based on the distribution of the low VS regions. After verification by drilling, the locations showed accurate correspondence with the positions revealed by the borehole, which proves the validity of this method for goaf detection. Our study shows that the dense seismic array technique for ambient noise imaging is an economic and effective means of conducting goaf detection in open-pit mines and the technique has a wide range of applications.

     

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