Abstract: Objective: To investigate the value of dual-energy CT left ventricular iodinogram imaging and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide level in the early diagnosis and prediction of heart failure and severity in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: AMI patients admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected to complete dual-energy coronary artery CTA and plasma BNP examination, and cardiac function grading was assessed within 1 week after admission. Myocardial iodine content was measured to evaluate the myocardial perfusion on dual-energy CT. The correlation between myocardial iodine content, left ventricular ejection fraction and BNP level was analyzed, and the differences of myocardial perfusion, LVEF and BNP levels among different Killip cardiac function grading groups in HF patients were compared. Results: A total of 115 patients with AMI were enrolled, including 42 patients in HF group and 73 patients in non-HF group. There were significant differences in myocardial iodine concentration, LVEF and BNP between the two groups. Iodine concentration and LVEF were negatively correlated with BNP (<i<r</i<=−0.527, −0.674). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of myocardial iodine concentration combined with BNP in predicting HF after AMI was higher than that of iodine map and BNP alone. Among the 42 HF patients after AMI, with the increase of Killip grade, serum BNP level increased, LVEF and iodine content of infarct myocardial decreased, and there were statistically significant differences in BNP, LVEF and iodine content of infarct myocardial among different grade groups. Conclusion: Dual-energy CT left ventricular iodinogram combined with BNP level has predictive value on the occurrence of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction, and has a certain correlation with the clinical severity of heart failure.