基于正演模拟的煤层采空区地震响应特征

张昭; 张龙飞; 段刚; 陈中山; 贠小伟; 赵石峰; 张灯亮; 田锦瑞

doi:10.15953/j.1004-4140.2021.30.03.02

基于正演模拟的煤层采空区地震响应特征

河北省煤田地质局物测地质队, 河北邢台 054000

基金项目:

河北省煤田地质局物测地质队科研项目（冀中矿区上组煤采空区精准成像及含水性综合判识技术研究（HBWCD-W-2019-9））。

详细信息

作者简介:
张昭^*,男,学士,河北省煤田地质局物测地质队物探高级工程师,研究方向为煤田地震勘探、地热资源勘探,E-mail:41563199@qq.com。

中图分类号: O242;P631
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-02-07
- 网络出版日期: 2021-11-05

Seismic Response Characteristics of Coal Goaf Based on Forward Modeling

Hebei Province Bureau of Coal Geology Geological Team, Xingtai 054000, China

摘要

摘要: 上组煤采空区对于下组煤的成像和安全回采有着重要影响，有必要研究矿区上组煤采空区精准成像技术。对于实际采空区及其下组煤的地震响应特征预测来说，建立和实际地质情况相吻合的正演模型是基础。根据搜集到的研究矿区钻孔测井资料，获取建模所需的等效地层物性参数、采空区垮落带等效模量、裂隙带等效模量等数据，建立与研究矿区地质情况比较接近的地质模型；通过正演模拟，对水平叠加剖面、偏移剖面地震响应进行分析，采空区波场特征表现为时间延迟、振幅变化、频率降低且对下部反射波有明显影响，干采空区的影响时差大于含水采空区的影响时差；通过不同地震属性的提取分析，发现采空区的地震属性明显区别于正常煤层，干采空区的地震属性和正常煤层的地震属性间差别更大。
- 正演模拟 /
- 煤层采空区 /
- 地震响应 /
- 地震属性
Abstract: Since the goaf of the upper coal group has an important influence on the imaging and safe mining of the lower coal group, it is necessary to study the accurate imaging technology of the goaf of the upper coal group in the mining area. For the prediction of the seismic response characteristics of the actual goaf and its subgroups of coal, the establishment of a forward model consistent with the actual geological conditions is the basis. In this paper, based on the logging data collected in the mining area, relevant data of modeling are obtained, and a geological model is established which is close to the geological situation of the mining area. Through the forward modeling, the horizontal superposition section and the migration section are analyzed. The characteristics of the wave field in the goaf are time delay, amplitude change, frequency reduction and significant influence on the lower reflected wave. Besides, the time difference in the dry goaf is greater than that in the water-bearing goaf. Through the extraction and analysis of different seismic attributes, it is found that the seismic attributes of the goaf are obviously different from those of the normal coal seam, and the seismic attributes of the dry goaf are more different from those of the normal coal seam.
- forward modeling /
- coal goaf /
- seismic response /
- seismic attribute

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