Abstract: Objective: To explore the influence of different CT acquisition and reconstruction parameters on the CT number of the chest in vivo. Methods: The CT number of the trachea, blood vessels, lungs, vertebral bodies, and muscles of the human chest were measured under different CT scanning parameters. Six groups of different scanning parameters and reconstruction algorithms were set respectively: slice thickness 5 mm, 50% multi-model adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction Veo (ASIR-V) and low-dose for S1; slice thickness 5 mm, filtered back projection (FBP) and standard-dose for S2; slice thickness 1.25 mm, 50% ASIR-V and low-dose for S3; slice thickness 1.25 mm, 50% ASIR-V and standard-dose for S4; slice thickness 1.25 mm, FBP, low-dose for S5; slice thickness 1.25 mm, FBP, standard-dose for S6. The radiation dose of the scan was controlled using two noise indexes (NI), including low-dose (NI=40) and standard-dose (NI=10). Differences in CT number between two groups were compared using t-test or rank-sum test. Results: Significant differences of CT number of the trachea were detected between low-dose and standard-dose, but no significant differences of CT number of other tissues were detected between low-dose and standard-dose. No significant differences of CT number of chest tissues were detected between either 5 mm thickness and 1.25 mm thickness or 50% ASIR-V and FBP. Conclusion: The CT number of human chest tissues showed well stability which was scarcely influenced by slices thickness, reconstruction algorithm and scan dose.