Abstract: Due to the strong absorption of seismic energy of underground media, seismic data resolution and seismic data processing, interpretation accuracy are reduced. Therefore, it is an effective way to process and interpret the seismic data with high resolution and high precision by selecting the appropriate parameters to describe the formation absorption effectively. Currently, quality factor Q is one of the important parameters to describe elastic parameters. It is an effective way to improve the resolution of seismic data and to improve the accuracy of interpretation of oil and gas strata by using the quality factor Q to measure the attenuation of seismic wave energy when propagating in the medium. In recent years, numerous scholars have proposed a variety of methods to calculate the Q value, in which spectral ratio method is the most widely used Q estimation method. In this paper, on the basis of previous results, we propose improved spectral ratio method combing with travel time tomography method which can fully take advantage of accuracy and stability of spectral ratio method and efficiency of the travel time tomography method as well. By our method, the inversion precision and stability are guaranteed. By using the model test, it is proved that spectral attenuation method can estimate the change of Q value effectively, and has good development prospect.